Loxodonta africana NatureServe Explorer Species Reports — NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.
ITIS Reports — ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world.
FWS Digital Media Library — The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Digital Library is a searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and video. The African bush elephant (Loxodonta africana), also known as the African savanna elephant, is the largest living terrestrial animal, with bulls reaching a shoulder height of up to 3.96 m (13.0 ft) and a body mass of up to 10.4 t (11.5 short tons). It is distributed across 37 African countries and inhabits forests, grasslands and woodlands, wetlands, and agricultural land. Since 2021, it has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List. It is threatened foremost by habitat destruction, and in parts of its range also by poaching for meat and ivory. It is a social mammal, traveling in herds composed of cows and their offspring. Adult bulls usually live alone or in small bachelor groups. It is a herbivore, feeding on grasses, creepers, herbs, leaves, and bark.
Status | Date Listed | Lead Region | Where Listed |
---|---|---|---|
Threatened | 06/11/1978 | Foreign (Headquarters) | Wherever found |
06/06/2016 | 81 FR 36387 36419 | Revision of the Section 4(d) Rule for the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) |
03/16/2016 | 81 FR 14058 14072 | 90-Day Findings on 29 Petitions; Notice of petition findings and initiation of status reviews |
07/29/2015 | 80 FR 45154 45180 | Revision of the Section 4(d) Rule for the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana); Proposed rule |
03/18/1991 | 56 FR 11392 11402 | ETWP; Loxodonta africana (African Elephant) Proposed as Endangered for Certain Populations and Revision of Special Rule; 56 FR 11392 11402 |
04/10/1990 | 55 FR 13299 13300 | ETWP; Notice of 1-Year Finding on Petition to Reclassify the African Elephant; 55 FR 13299 13300 |
09/06/1989 | 54 FR 36905 36911 | ETWP; Ivory Export Quotas Issued by the Secretariat of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora's Seventh Regular Meeting; 54 FR 36905 36911 |
06/26/1989 | 54 FR 26812 | ETWP; Notice, 90-Day Finding on Petition and Initiation of Status Review; 54 FR 26812 |
06/09/1989 | 54 FR 24758 24761 | ETWP; Moratorium on Importation of Raw Worked Ivory from all Ivory Producing and Intermediary Nations; 54 FR 24758 24761 |
05/05/1989 | 54 FR 19416 19421 | ETWP; Proposed Rule; Importation, Exportation, and Transportation of Wildlife; Special Rules for Import and Export of African Elephant Ivory; 54 FR 19416 19421 |
07/20/1982 | 47 FR 31384 31389 | ETWP; Revision of Special Rule for African Elephant |
Elephant, Arican; Uplist to E, Separate into two species: Forest Elephants and Savannah Elephants | 06/11/2016 | Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Congo (Zaire), Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda | CBD | Reclassify: Amend listing | 90 Day Substantial on 03/16/2016 | Yes | |
Elephant, African; List E | 02/12/2015 | Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Congo (Zaire), Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda | IFAW, HS International, HS US, FA | Reclassify: Uplist endangered | 90 Day Substantial on 03/16/2016 | Yes |
06/06/2016 | 81 FR 36387 36419 | Revision of the Section 4(d) Rule for the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) |
07/29/2015 | 80 FR 45154 45180 | Revision of the Section 4(d) Rule for the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana); Proposed rule |
03/18/1991 | 56 FR 11392 11402 | ETWP; Loxodonta africana (African Elephant) Proposed as Endangered for Certain Populations and Revision of Special Rule; 56 FR 11392 11402 |
09/06/1989 | 54 FR 36905 36911 | ETWP; Ivory Export Quotas Issued by the Secretariat of the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora's Seventh Regular Meeting; 54 FR 36905 36911 |
06/09/1989 | 54 FR 24758 24761 | ETWP; Moratorium on Importation of Raw Worked Ivory from all Ivory Producing and Intermediary Nations; 54 FR 24758 24761 |
05/05/1989 | 54 FR 19416 19421 | ETWP; Proposed Rule; Importation, Exportation, and Transportation of Wildlife; Special Rules for Import and Export of African Elephant Ivory; 54 FR 19416 19421 |
07/20/1982 | 47 FR 31384 31389 | ETWP; Revision of Special Rule for African Elephant |
08/25/1981 | 46 FR 42887 42888 | ETWP; Proposed Revision of Special Rule for African Elephant |
07/17/1981 | 46 FR 37059 37062 | Proposed Revision of Special Rule for the African Elephant |