12-22-2016

Canis lupus

Canis lupus NatureServe Explorer Species Reports — NatureServe Explorer is a source for authoritative conservation information on more than 50,000 plants, animals and ecological communtities of the U.S and Canada. NatureServe Explorer provides in-depth information on rare and endangered species, but includes common plants and animals too. NatureServe Explorer is a product of NatureServe in collaboration with the Natural Heritage Network.

ITIS Reports — Canis lupus ITIS (the Integrated Taxonomic Information System) is a source for authoritative taxonomic information on plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of North America and the world. Also used to produce fertile hybrids with them. The banded fur of a wolf is usually mottled white, brown, gray, and black, although subspecies in the arctic region may be nearly all white

FWS Digital Media Library — The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s National Digital Library is a searchable collection of selected images, historical artifacts, audio clips, publications, and video.The wolf (Canis lupus ), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, and gray wolves, as colloquially understood, comprise non-domestic/feral subspecies. The wolf is the largest extant member of Canidae, males averaging 40 kg (88 lb) and females 37 kg (82 lb). Wolves measure 105–160 cm (41–63 in) in length and 80–85 cm (31–33 in) at shoulder height. The wolf is also distinguished from other Canis species by its less pointed ears and muzzle, as well as a shorter torso and a longer tail.

Detailed information

Full Name: Gray wolf (Canis lupus)

Where found: U.S.A.: All of AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IN, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, and WV; and portions of AZ, NM, OR, UT, and WA as follows: (1) Northern AZ (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (2) Northern NM (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (3) Western OR (that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 395 and Highway 78 north of Burns Junction and that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 95 south of Burns Junction); (4) Most of Utah (that portion of UT south and west of the centerline of Highway 84 and that portion of UT south of Highway 80 from Echo to the UT/WY Stateline); and (5) Western WA (that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 97 and Highway 17 north of Mesa and that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 395 south of Mesa). Mexico.

Critical Habitat:N/A

Species Group:Mammals

Current listing status

Status	Date Listed	Lead Region	Where Listed
Endangered	03/09/1978	Mountain-Prairie Region (Region 6)	U.S.A.: All of AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IN, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, and WV; and portions of AZ, NM, OR, UT, and WA as follows: (1) Northern AZ (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (2) Northern NM (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (3) Western OR (that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 395 and Highway 78 north of Burns Junction and that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 95 south of Burns Junction); (4) Most of Utah (that portion of UT south and west of the centerline of Highway 84 and that portion of UT south of Highway 80 from Echo to the UT/WY Stateline); and (5) Western WA (that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 97 and Highway 17 north of Mesa and that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 395 south of Mesa). Mexico.
Threatened	03/09/1978	Great Lakes-Big Rivers Region (Region 3)	U.S.A. (MN)
Experimental Population, Non-Essential	03/09/1978	Mountain-Prairie Region (Region 6)	U.S.A. (WY see 17.84 (i) and (n))
Delisted due to Recovery	03/09/1978	Mountain-Prairie Region (Region 6)	Northern Rocky Mountain Distinct Population Segment except WY: Montana, Idaho, eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and north central Utah

Population location: U.S.A.: All of AL, AR, CA, CO, CT, DE, FL, GA, IA, IN, IL, KS, KY, LA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MS, NC, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OK, PA, RI, SC, SD, TN, TX, VA, VT, WI, and WV; and portions of AZ, NM, OR, UT, and WA as follows: (1) Northern AZ (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (2) Northern NM (that portion north of the centerline of Interstate Highway 40); (3) Western OR (that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 395 and Highway 78 north of Burns Junction and that portion of OR west of the centerline of Highway 95 south of Burns Junction); (4) Most of Utah (that portion of UT south and west of the centerline of Highway 84 and that portion of UT south of Highway 80 from Echo to the UT/WY Stateline); and (5) Western WA (that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 97 and Highway 17 north of Mesa and that portion of WA west of the centerline of Highway 395 south of Mesa). Mexico.Listing status: Endangered This population has been proposed for delisting
- States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: California , Michigan , Oregon , Washington , Wisconsin
- US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
- USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Crane Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge, J. Clark Salyer Wetland Management District, Seney National Wildlife Refuge
- Countries in which the this population is known to occur: United States
- Additional species information
Population location: U.S.A. (MN)Listing status: Threatened
- States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Minnesota
- US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
- USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge, Detroit Lakes Wetland Management District, Fergus Falls Wetland Management District, Hamden Slough National Wildlife Refuge, Litchfield Wetland Management District ... Show All Refuges
- Additional species information
Population location: U.S.A. (WY see 17.84 (i) and (n))Listing status: Experimental Population, Non-Essential
- States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Wyoming
- US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
- Additional species information
Population location: Northern Rocky Mountain Distinct Population Segment except WY: Montana, Idaho, eastern Washington, eastern Oregon, and north central UtahListing status: Delisted due to Recovery
- States/US Territories in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: Idaho , Montana , Oregon , Utah , Washington , Wyoming
- US Counties in which this population is known to or is believed to occur: View All
- USFWS Refuges in which this population is known to occur: Lost Trail National Wildlife Refuge, National Bison Range, Northwest Montana Wetland Management District-Flathead County
- Additional species information

Federal register documents

Date	Citation Page	Title
07/01/2015	80 FR 37568 37579	90-Day Findings on 31 Petitions
02/20/2015	80 FR 9218 9229	ETWP; Reinstatement of Final Rules for the Gray Wolf in Wyoming and the Western Great Lakes in Compliance With Court Orders
01/16/2015	80 FR 2488 2512	ETWP; Endangered Status for the Mexican Wolf; Final Rule
01/16/2015	80 FR 2512 2563	ETWP; Revision to the Regulations for the Nonessential Experimental Population of the Mexican Wolf; Final Rule
07/25/2014	79 FR 43358 43373	ETWP; Proposed Revision to the Nonessential Experimental Population of the Mexican Wolf: Proposed rule; revisions and notice of availability of a draft environmental impact statement; reopening of public comment period and announcement of public hearings.
02/10/2014	79 FR 7627 7629	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Maintaining Protections for the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) by Listing It as Endangered; Proposed rule; notice of availability and reopening of comment period.
10/28/2013	78 FR 64192 64193	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Extending the Public Comment Periods and Rescheduling Public Hearings Pertaining to the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) and the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi)
10/02/2013	78 FR 60813 60815	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Maintaining Protections for the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) by Listing It as Endangered: Proposed rule; announcement of public hearing.
09/05/2013	78 FR 54614 54616	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Maintaining Protections for the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) by Listing It as Endangered; Proposed Rule; extension of public comment period and announcement of public hearings.
09/05/2013	78 FR 54613 54614	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Revision to the Nonessential Experimental Population of the Mexican Wolf; Proposed Rule; extension of public comment period and announcement of public hearing.

Recovery

To learn more about critical habitat please see http://ecos.fws.gov/crithab

Date	Title	Plan Action Status	Plan Status
01/31/1992	Recovery Plan for the Eastern Timber Wolf - Revised	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1
01/31/1992	Recovery Plan for the Eastern Timber Wolf - Revised	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1
08/03/1987	Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery Plan	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1

Date	Citation Page	Title
01/28/2008	73 FR 4720 4736	Revision of Special Regulation for the Central Idaho and Yellowstone Area Nonessential Experimental Populations of Gray Wolves in the Northern Rocky Mountains
07/06/2007	72 FR 36942 36949	Proposed Revision of Special Regulation for the Central Idaho and Yellowstone Area Nonessential Experimental Populations of Gray Wolves in the Northern Rocky Mountains
01/06/2005	70 FR 1286 1311	Regulation for Nonessential Experimental Populations of the Western Distinct Population Segment of the Gray Wolf
12/11/1997	62 FR 65237 65240	Proposed Revision of Special Regulations for the Gray Wolf
11/22/1994	59 FR 60266 60281	ETWP; Establishment of a Nonessential Experimental Population of Gray Wolves in Central Idaho and Southwestern Montana
11/22/1994	59 FR 60252 60266	ETWP; Establishment of a Nonessential Experimental Population of Gray Wolves in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, Idaho and Montana
08/16/1994	59 FR 42118 42128	ETWP; Proposed Establishment of a Nonessential Experimental Population of the Gray Wolf in Central Idaho Area
08/16/1994	59 FR 42108 42118	ETWP; Proposed Establishment of a Nonessential Experimental Population of Gray Wolf in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming, Idaho, and Montana
12/12/1985	50 FR 50792 50793	Regulations Governing Gray Wolf in Minnesota; 50 FR 50792-50793
08/10/1983	48 FR 36256 36266	Regulations Governing Gray Wolf in Minn.; 48 FR 36256-36266

Date	Title	Plan Action Status	Plan Status
01/31/1992	Recovery Plan for the Eastern Timber Wolf - Revised	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1
01/31/1992	Recovery Plan for the Eastern Timber Wolf - Revised	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1
08/03/1987	Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf Recovery Plan	View Implementation Progress	Final Revision 1

Date	Citation Page	Title	Document Type
02/10/2014	79 FR 7627 7629	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removing the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Maintaining Protections for the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) by Listing It as Endangered; Proposed rule; notice of availability and reopening of comment period.	Notice Doc. Availability Notice Reopen Comment
06/13/2013	78 FR 35663 35719	Removing the Gray Wolf(Canis lupus) From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Maintaining Protections for the Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi ) by Listing It as Endangered; Proposed Revision to the Nonessential Experimental Population of the Mexican Wolf; Proposed Rules	Proposed Delisting, Original Data in Error - Not a listable entity
09/10/2012	77 FR 55530 55604	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removal of the Gray Wolf in Wyoming From the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Removal of the Wyoming Wolf Population’s Status as an Experimental Population	Final Delisting, Recovered
12/28/2011	76 FR 81666 81726	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revising the Listing of the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) in the Western Great Lakes	Final Delisting, Recovered
10/05/2011	76 FR 61782 61823	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, Removal of the Gray Wolf in Wyoming From the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Removal of the Wyoming Wolf Population's Status as an Experimental Population	Proposed Delisting, Recovered
09/19/2011	76 FR 57943 57944	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revising the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife for the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) in the Eastern United States	Notice Doc. Availability
05/05/2011	76 FR 25590 25592	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Reissuance of Final Rule To Identify the Northern Rocky Mountain Population of Gray Wolf as a Distinct Population Segment and To Revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife	Final Delisting, Recovered
05/05/2011	76 FR 26086 26145	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposed Rule To Revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife for the Gray Wolf (Canis lupus) in the Eastern United States, Initiation of Status Reviews for the Gray Wolf and for the Eastern Wolf (Canis lycaon)	Proposed Delisting, Recovered
05/05/2010	75 FR 24741 24742	Mexican Wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) Conservation Assessment	Notice Doc. Availability
04/02/2009	74 FR 15070 15123	Final Rule To Identify the Western Great Lakes Populations of Gray Wolves as a Distinct Population Segment and To Revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife	Final Delisting, Recovered

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